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openspec/changes/service-workers/.openspec.yaml

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+schema: spec-driven
+created: 2026-02-10

openspec/changes/service-workers/design.md

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+## Context
+
+This change introduces a Service Worker to improve perceived load time and reduce network usage on repeat visits by caching critical assets in the browser.
+
+The site is a static Astro build. That means:
+- The Service Worker should live at the site root (`/sw.js`) so it can control all routes.
+- Navigations (HTML documents) should not be cached in a way that causes indefinite staleness after new deploys.
+
+## Goals / Non-Goals
+
+**Goals:**
+- Improve repeat-visit performance by pre-caching the critical site shell assets.
+- Add runtime caching for media assets (images) with bounded storage usage.
+- Ensure safe update behavior: cache versioning and cleanup on activate.
+- Keep local development predictable by not registering the Service Worker in dev by default.
+
+**Non-Goals:**
+- Full offline-first experience for all routes/content.
+- Background sync, push notifications, or complex offline fallbacks.
+- Server-side caching (handled by separate changes, if desired).
+
+## Decisions
+
+1. **Implement a lightweight, custom Service Worker (no Workbox)**
+Rationale: The project already outputs static assets and the needed caching strategies are straightforward. A small custom `/sw.js` avoids adding a build-time dependency and keeps behavior explicit.
+Alternatives considered:
+- Workbox: powerful, but adds dependency surface area and build configuration overhead.
+
+2. **Cache strategy by request type**
+Rationale: Different resources have different freshness requirements.
+- Navigations (HTML documents): **Network-first**, fallback to cache on failure. This minimizes stale HTML risks while still helping resiliency.
+- Static shell assets (CSS/JS/fonts/icons): **Pre-cache** on install and serve from cache for speed.
+- Images/media: **Cache-first** with a size bound and eviction to avoid unbounded storage.
+
+3. **Versioned caches + activation cleanup**
+Rationale: Static sites frequently redeploy; versioning ensures updates can be picked up and old assets are not served after deploy. On activate, the SW deletes prior version caches.
+Implementation approach:
+- Use cache names like `shell-v<version>` and `media-v<version>`.
+- Update the version string on build (initially a constant; later can be automated).
+
+4. **Disable SW registration in development by default**
+Rationale: Service worker caching can confuse local iteration and cause stale assets during development.
+Implementation approach:
+- Register SW only when `import.meta.env.PROD` is true (Astro build-time flag) or an explicit runtime guard is met.
+
+## Risks / Trade-offs
+
+- **[Stale or broken assets after deploy]** → Use versioned caches and delete old caches during activation. Prefer network-first for navigations.
+- **[Over-caching HTML causes outdated content]** → Do not use cache-first for navigation; do not pre-cache HTML pages.
+- **[Storage growth due to images]** → Enforce a max-entry limit with eviction for media cache.
+- **[Browser compatibility gaps]** → Service worker is progressive enhancement; site must still function without it.
+

openspec/changes/service-workers/proposal.md

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+## Why
+
+Improve page load performance (especially repeat visits) by caching key assets closer to the user and reducing unnecessary network requests.
+
+## What Changes
+
+- Add a Service Worker to the site so the browser can cache and serve core assets efficiently.
+- Pre-cache the critical shell (CSS, JS, fonts, icons) and use a runtime caching strategy for images and other large assets.
+- Ensure safe update behavior on deploy (new service worker activates and old caches are cleaned up).
+- Keep development experience predictable (service worker disabled or bypassed in dev by default).
+
+## Capabilities
+
+### New Capabilities
+
+- `service-worker-performance`: Provide a service worker-based caching strategy that improves perceived load time and reduces network usage on repeat visits, while ensuring safe updates on new deploys.
+
+### Modified Capabilities
+
+- (none)
+
+## Impact
+
+- Adds new client-side assets for the service worker (e.g., `sw.js`) and registration logic in the site layout.
+- Changes browser caching behavior; must avoid serving stale HTML indefinitely and ensure caches are versioned/invalidated on deploy.
+- Service workers require a secure context (HTTPS) in production; local dev behavior should be explicitly controlled to avoid confusing caching during iteration.
+

openspec/changes/service-workers/specs/service-worker-performance/spec.md

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+## ADDED Requirements
+
+### Requirement: Service Worker registration
+The site SHALL register a Service Worker on supported browsers when running in production (HTTPS), scoped to the site root so it can control all site pages.
+
+#### Scenario: Production registration
+- **WHEN** a user loads any page in a production environment
+- **THEN** the site registers a service worker at `/sw.js` with scope `/`
+
+#### Scenario: Development does not register
+- **WHEN** a user loads any page in a local development environment
+- **THEN** the site does not register a service worker
+
+### Requirement: Pre-cache critical site shell assets
+The Service Worker SHALL pre-cache a set of critical static assets required to render the site shell quickly on repeat visits.
+
+#### Scenario: Pre-cache on install
+- **WHEN** the service worker is installed
+- **THEN** it caches the configured site shell assets in a versioned cache
+
+### Requirement: Runtime caching for media assets
+The Service Worker SHALL use runtime caching for media assets (for example images) to reduce repeat network fetches, while ensuring content can refresh.
+
+#### Scenario: Cache-first for images
+- **WHEN** a user requests an image resource
+- **THEN** the service worker serves the cached image when available, otherwise fetches from the network and stores the response in the media cache
+
+#### Scenario: Enforce cache size bounds
+- **WHEN** the number of cached media items exceeds the configured maximum
+- **THEN** the service worker evicts older entries to stay within the bound
+
+### Requirement: Navigation requests avoid indefinite staleness
+The Service Worker MUST NOT serve stale HTML indefinitely for navigation requests.
+
+#### Scenario: Network-first navigation
+- **WHEN** a user navigates to a page route (a document navigation request)
+- **THEN** the service worker attempts to fetch from the network first and falls back to a cached response if the network is unavailable
+
+### Requirement: Safe updates and cache cleanup
+The Service Worker SHALL use versioned caches and remove old caches during activation to ensure updated assets are used after a new deploy.
+
+#### Scenario: Activate new version and clean old caches
+- **WHEN** a new service worker version activates
+- **THEN** it deletes caches from older versions and begins using the current versioned caches
+

openspec/changes/service-workers/tasks.md

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+## 1. Setup
+
+- [x] 1.1 Add `sw.js` to site root output (place in `site/public/sw.js`)
+- [x] 1.2 Add service worker registration to the base layout (register only in production)
+
+## 2. Pre-cache Site Shell
+
+- [x] 2.1 Implement versioned cache names and an explicit cache version constant
+- [x] 2.2 Implement `install` handler to pre-cache critical shell assets
+- [x] 2.3 Implement `activate` handler to delete old version caches
+
+## 3. Runtime Caching
+
+- [x] 3.1 Implement network-first strategy for navigation/document requests with cache fallback
+- [x] 3.2 Implement cache-first strategy for images/media with network fallback
+- [x] 3.3 Add a bounded eviction policy for media cache size
+
+## 4. Verification
+
+- [ ] 4.1 Verify service worker registers in production build and does not register in dev
+- [ ] 4.2 Verify repeat navigation and asset loads hit cache (Chrome DevTools Application tab)
+- [ ] 4.3 Verify a new deploy triggers cache version update and old caches are removed

site/public/sw.js

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/* Service Worker: lightweight caching for a static Astro site.
+   - Navigations: network-first (avoid stale HTML indefinitely)
+   - Site shell: pre-cache on install
+   - Images: cache-first with bounded eviction
+*/
+
+// Bump this value on deploy to invalidate caches.
+const CACHE_VERSION = "v1";
+
+const CACHE_SHELL = `shell-${CACHE_VERSION}`;
+const CACHE_PAGES = `pages-${CACHE_VERSION}`;
+const CACHE_MEDIA = `media-${CACHE_VERSION}`;
+
+const SHELL_ASSETS = ["/", "/styles/global.css", "/favicon.svg", "/favicon.ico", "/robots.txt"];
+
+// Keep media cache bounded so we don't grow indefinitely.
+const MAX_MEDIA_ENTRIES = 80;
+
+const isGet = (request) => request && request.method === "GET";
+
+const isNavigationRequest = (request) =>
+  request.mode === "navigate" || request.destination === "document";
+
+const isImageRequest = (request, url) => {
+  if (request.destination === "image") return true;
+  const p = url.pathname.toLowerCase();
+  return (
+    p.endsWith(".png") ||
+    p.endsWith(".jpg") ||
+    p.endsWith(".jpeg") ||
+    p.endsWith(".webp") ||
+    p.endsWith(".gif") ||
+    p.endsWith(".avif") ||
+    p.endsWith(".svg")
+  );
+};
+
+async function trimCache(cacheName, maxEntries) {
+  const cache = await caches.open(cacheName);
+  const keys = await cache.keys();
+  const extra = keys.length - maxEntries;
+  if (extra <= 0) return;
+  // Cache keys are returned in insertion order in practice; delete the oldest.
+  for (let i = 0; i < extra; i += 1) {
+    await cache.delete(keys[i]);
+  }
+}
+
+async function cachePutSafe(cacheName, request, response) {
+  // Only cache successful or opaque responses. Avoid caching 404/500 HTML.
+  if (!response) return;
+  if (response.type !== "opaque" && !response.ok) return;
+  const cache = await caches.open(cacheName);
+  await cache.put(request, response);
+}
+
+self.addEventListener("install", (event) => {
+  event.waitUntil(
+    (async () => {
+      const cache = await caches.open(CACHE_SHELL);
+      await cache.addAll(SHELL_ASSETS);
+      // Activate new worker ASAP to pick up new caching rules.
+      await self.skipWaiting();
+    })(),
+  );
+});
+
+self.addEventListener("activate", (event) => {
+  event.waitUntil(
+    (async () => {
+      const keep = new Set([CACHE_SHELL, CACHE_PAGES, CACHE_MEDIA]);
+      const keys = await caches.keys();
+      await Promise.all(keys.map((k) => (keep.has(k) ? Promise.resolve() : caches.delete(k))));
+      await self.clients.claim();
+    })(),
+  );
+});
+
+self.addEventListener("fetch", (event) => {
+  const { request } = event;
+  if (!isGet(request)) return;
+
+  const url = new URL(request.url);
+
+  // Only handle http(s).
+  if (url.protocol !== "http:" && url.protocol !== "https:") return;
+
+  // Network-first for navigations (HTML documents). Cache as fallback only.
+  if (isNavigationRequest(request)) {
+    event.respondWith(
+      (async () => {
+        try {
+          const fresh = await fetch(request);
+          // Cache a clone so we can serve it when offline.
+          await cachePutSafe(CACHE_PAGES, request, fresh.clone());
+          return fresh;
+        } catch {
+          const cached = await caches.match(request);
+          if (cached) return cached;
+          // Fallback: try cached homepage shell.
+          const home = await caches.match("/");
+          if (home) return home;
+          throw new Error("No cached navigation fallback.");
+        }
+      })(),
+    );
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Cache-first for images/media with bounded cache size.
+  if (isImageRequest(request, url)) {
+    event.respondWith(
+      (async () => {
+        const cached = await caches.match(request);
+        if (cached) return cached;
+
+        const res = await fetch(request);
+        await cachePutSafe(CACHE_MEDIA, request, res.clone());
+        await trimCache(CACHE_MEDIA, MAX_MEDIA_ENTRIES);
+        return res;
+      })(),
+    );
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Stale-while-revalidate for styles/scripts/fonts from same-origin.
+  if (
+    url.origin === self.location.origin &&
+    (request.destination === "style" ||
+      request.destination === "script" ||
+      request.destination === "font")
+  ) {
+    event.respondWith(
+      (async () => {
+        const cached = await caches.match(request);
+        const networkPromise = fetch(request)
+          .then(async (res) => {
+            await cachePutSafe(CACHE_SHELL, request, res.clone());
+            return res;
+          })
+          .catch(() => null);
+
+        return cached || (await networkPromise) || fetch(request);
+      })(),
+    );
+  }
+});
+

site/src/layouts/BaseLayout.astro

@@ -55,6 +55,24 @@ const canonicalUrl = `${siteUrl}${canonicalPath.startsWith("/") ? canonicalPath
         <script async defer data-website-id={cfg.umami.websiteId} src={cfg.umami.scriptUrl} />
       ) : null
     }
+
+    {
+      // Register SW only in production builds (Astro sets import.meta.env.PROD at build time).
+      import.meta.env.PROD ? (
+        <script is:inline>
+          {`
+          if ("serviceWorker" in navigator) {
+            // SW requires HTTPS (or localhost). In prod we expect HTTPS.
+            window.addEventListener("load", () => {
+              navigator.serviceWorker.register("/sw.js", { scope: "/" }).catch(() => {
+                // noop: SW is progressive enhancement
+              });
+            });
+          }
+        `}
+        </script>
+      ) : null
+    }
   </head>
   <body>
     <a class="skip-link" href="#main-content">Skip to content</a>
@@ -108,15 +126,7 @@ const canonicalUrl = `${siteUrl}${canonicalPath.startsWith("/") ? canonicalPath
         >
           Blog
         </a>
-        <a
-          href="/about"
-          data-umami-event="click"
-          data-umami-event-target_id="nav.about"
-          data-umami-event-placement="nav"
-          data-umami-event-target_url="/about"
-        >
-          About
-        </a>
+        
       </nav>
     </header>
 

site/src/pages/about.astro

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
----
-import BaseLayout from "../layouts/BaseLayout.astro";
-import CtaLink from "../components/CtaLink.astro";
-import { LINKS } from "../lib/links";
----
-
-<BaseLayout
-  title="About | SanthoshJ"
-  description="About SanthoshJ and where to follow."
-  canonicalPath="/about"
->
-  <section class="section">
-    <div class="section-header">
-      <h2>About</h2>
-      <span class="muted">Tech, streaming, movies, travel</span>
-    </div>
-    <div class="empty">
-      <p style="margin-top: 0;">
-        This is a lightweight site that aggregates my content so it can be discovered via search and
-        shared cleanly.
-      </p>
-      <div class="cta-row">
-        <CtaLink platform="youtube" placement="about" url={LINKS.youtubeChannel} label="YouTube" />
-        <CtaLink
-          platform="instagram"
-          placement="about"
-          url={LINKS.instagramProfile}
-          label="Instagram"
-        />
-        <CtaLink platform="podcast" placement="about" url={LINKS.podcast} label="Podcast" />
-      </div>
-    </div>
-  </section>
-</BaseLayout>

site/src/pages/index.astro

@@ -26,22 +26,21 @@ const pods = podcastEpisodes(cache)
 
 <BaseLayout
   title="SanthoshJ | Tech, streaming, movies, travel"
-  description="A fast, SEO-first home for videos, movie posts, and the Irregular Mind podcast."
+  description="SanthoshJ shares tech, gaming streams, movie recommendations, and travel stories—plus the Irregular Mind podcast. Explore the newest videos and episodes."
   canonicalPath="/"
 >
   <section class="hero">
     <div>
-      <h1>Fast content. Clear next actions.</h1>
+      <h1>Tech, gaming, movies & travel — videos + podcast by SanthoshJ</h1>
       <p>
-        I post about technology, game streaming, movies, and travel. This site collects the best of
-        it and points you to the platform you prefer.
+        Quick takes and long-form stories: tech explainers, game streaming highlights, movie recommendations, and travel notes—curated in one place.
       </p>
       <div class="cta-row">
         <CtaLink
           platform="youtube"
           placement="hero"
           url={LINKS.youtubeChannel}
-          label="Subscribe on YouTube"
+          label="Watch on YouTube"
           class="primary"
         />
         <CtaLink
@@ -54,7 +53,7 @@ const pods = podcastEpisodes(cache)
           platform="podcast"
           placement="hero"
           url={LINKS.podcast}
-          label="Listen to the podcast"
+          label="Listen to the Irregular Mind on Spotify"
         />
       </div>
       <p class="muted" style="margin-top: 14px;">
@@ -62,10 +61,9 @@ const pods = podcastEpisodes(cache)
       </p>
     </div>
     <div class="empty">
-      <strong>Goal:</strong> 10% month-over-month growth in followers and engagement.
-      <br />
+      
       <span class="muted"
-        >This site is the SEO landing surface that turns search traffic into followers.</span
+        >New videos and episodes every week. Start with the latest drops below.</span
       >
     </div>
   </section>